Brake construction



Q. M. WHITTEN BRAKE CONSTRUCTION Oct. 5, 1943.

Filed Sept. 2, 1941 3 Sheets-$heet l ZNVENTQR E 0. M. WHITTEN 2,331,259

BRAKE CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 2, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 5, 1943.

O. M. WHITTEN BRAKE CONSTRUCTION- Filed Sept. 2, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Cn. c. 2. um mm mw t. m 6 X mm mm INVENTOR. i OWE/N M.WHITTEN ATTORNEYSPatented Oct. 5, 1943 BRAKE CONSTRUCTION Owen M. Whitten, Detroit,Mich., assignor to Kelsey-Hayes Wheel Company, Detroit, Mich., acorporation of Delaware Application September 2, 1941, Serial No.409,289

4 Claims.

The invention relates to brake constructions and refers moreparticularly to disc brakes for vehicle wheels.

The invention has for one of its objects to provide an improved discbrake constructed t secure eflicient cooling.

The invention has for another object to so construct the brake that therotatable friction element has a ribbed head which is exposed to the airto effect cooling of the brake.

The invention has for a further object to construct the ribbed head sothat upon rotation it functions as a fan.

These and other objects of the invention will become apparent from thefollowing description, taken in ]connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is an inboard elevation of a brakeconstruction showing an embodiment of the invention;

Figures 2 and 3 are cross sections on the lines 2-2 and 33,respectively, of Figure 1;

Figures 4 and 5 are cross sections on the lines 44 and 55, respectively,of Figure 2;

F gure 6 is a View similar to Figure 2 showin another embodiment of theinvention;

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing still another embodimentof the invention;

Figures 8 and 9 .are crosssections on the lines "8 and 9-4),respectively, of Figure '7.

Referring to Figures 1 to 5, inclusive, i is a cup-shaped rotatablecarrier secured to the fixed flange 2 of the wheel hub 3 by suitablemeans, such as the bolts 4 and the nuts 5, which are also used insecuring the wheel 6 to the hub. I is a non-rotatable carrier secured tothe axle housing 8. 9 is a rotatable friction elemen mounted on therotatable carrier I and I and H are friction elements at opposite sidesof the friction element 9 and carried by the non-rotatable carrier 1.These friction elements are in the nature of discs.

The rotatable friction element 9 has the disc body l2 and the head l3,which latter is provided with the annular radially outwardly extendingcooling ribs 14 and also the series of radial cooling ribs l extendingaxially from the ribs M. The head 13 is located radially outwardly ofthe rotatable carrier l and is exposed to the air so that it serves ineffectively conducting the heat created upon braking away from the discbody. The rotatable friction element is axially slidable mounted on therotatable carrier by forming the annular flange I6 of the latter withaxially extending keyways l1 and by providmg axially extendingprojections I8 on the head fitting the keyways. The friction element IDhas the disc body 19 to vwhich is secured the lining 20 for engagingtheoutboard side of the disc body i2 of the rotatable friction element. Thefriction element 10 is also formed with the annular axially extendingportion 2! radially inwardly of the disc body l2 and terminating in theradially inwardly extending flange 22 which is fixedly secured to thenon-rotatable carrier 1 by suitable means. The friction element H isformed with the disc body 23 to which is secured the lining 24 forfrictionally engaging the inboard side of the disc body l2 of therotatable friction element. The friction element It is formed at itsinner edge with the annular flange 25 which is rotatably sleeved on theannular portion 2i of the non-rotatable friction element 10. Also, thefriction element II is provided at its periphery with the axiallyextending flange 26 which-extends into an annular groove formed by theaxially extending ribs 21 and 28, respectively on the disc body I2 and'the head 13 of the rotatable friction element. It will be noted thatthe ribs 28 also serves in conducting the heat generated during brakingto the air.

29 is a fluid pressure operated actuator comprising the cylinder 30fixedly mounted on the non-rotatable carrier 1 and the piston 3| slidable within the cylinder and abutting the plate 32 which in turn abutsthe disc body 23' of. the friction element II. For assisting theactuator to force the friction element II axially into engagament withthe rotatable friction element 9 and the latter then into engagementwith the non-rotatable friction element I 0, I have provided the ties33. These ties extend transversely through the disc bodies of thefriction elements ill and H radially inwardly of the disc body of therotatable friction element 9 and they are pivotally secured to thenon-rotatable friction element I0 by the pins 34. The other ends of theties are formed with the oppositely extending legs 35 abutting theinboard side of the friction element H and also the transverseshoulders-36 of this friction element. The construction is such thatwhen the actuator is subjected to a fluid under pressure its pistonaxially moves the friction element ll into engagement with the rotatablefriction element 9, at which time the friction element H rotates to moveangularly. The angular'movement of the friction element ll causes theties 33 to swing about the nonrotatable friction element Ill and tocooperat with and assist the actuator in further axially moving thefriction elements H and 8 into more effective braking position.

The friction element H, actuator 29 and ties 33 are returned to theirnormal or off positions by means of the coil springs 31 located radiallyinwardly of the non-rotatable friction element 9 and abutting thefriction elements It] and II.

The brake illustrated in Figure 6 comprises the rotatable carrier 38secured to the wheel hub, the non-rotatable carrier 39 secured to theaxle housing, the rotatable friction element 40 carried by the carrier38, the non-rotatable friction elements 4| and 42 carried by the carrier38, and the actuator 43 also carried by the carrier 39. The rotatablefriction element 40 has a V- shaped disc body formed of the legs 44which converge radially outwardly and are integral with the head 45. Thelatter is provided with the annular radially extending cooling ribs 46and also with the annular rib 41 which extends axially in an inboarddirection and assists in cooling. The rotatable friction element, asshown, is operatively connected to the carrier 38 by being formed withaxial holes 48 in its body adjacent its head and receiving the axialtongues 49 upon the carrier 38. The non-rotatable friction element 4!has the disc portion 58 to which is secured the lining for engaging theoutboard leg 44. The non-rotatable friction element also has the annularportion 52 at the inboard edge of which is the radial flange 53 forsecurement to the non-rotatable carrier 39. The nonr tatable frictionelement 42 has the disc portion 54 to which is secured the lining 55 forengaging the inboard leg 44. This non-rotatable friction element has atits inner edge the annular flange 56 which is splined to the annularportion 52 and is axially slidably mounted thereon. The non-rotatablefriction element 42 further has the annular channel 51 at its outer edgefor receiving the axial rib 41 of the rotatable friction element. Theactuator 43 is annular and is formed with the annular cylinder 58 andthe annular piston 58 within the cylinder and engageable with the innerportion of the non-rotatable friction element 42. A suitable annularseal 68 is provided between the annular cylinder 43 and thenon-rotatable friction element 42.

Figures '7, 8 and 9 show another modification in which the rotatablecarrier is the fixed flange 61 of the wheel hub 62 and the non-rotatablecarrier 63 is the steering knuckle. The rotatable friction element 64 isin the nature of a disc having the disc body 85 and the head 66, which Ifixedly secured to the non-rotatable carrier.

The non-rotatable inboard friction element 10 is splined at its inneredge upon the annular portion H and is movable axially in an outboarddirection against the retracting coil springs 13 by the annular piston14 within the annular cylinder 15. The latter is also fixedly mounted onthe non-rotatable carrier. 16 are adjustment studs threaded in bosses inthe annular cylinder and engageable with the non-rotatable inboardfriction element to limit its movement in an inboard direction.

For the purpose of cooling the brake, the rotatable carrier BI isprovided with the holes 1'! therethrough near the hub and the head 65 ofthe rotatable friction element is provided with the axial holes 18therethrough and with the angularly spaced cooling ribs 19. Thenonrotatable outboard element 89 terminates radially inwardly of thecooling ribs and they are shaped to form blades for drawing air throughthe holes 11 of the rotatable carrier and past both sides of the body 66during forward movement of the vehicle. To assist in creating a flow ofair during the forward movement of the vehicle, there is theannularguard 88 secured to the rotatable carrier 6| at its outer edgeand encircling the friction elements. This guard is provided with thelouvres 8| which open rearwardly. To further assist in creating the flowof air during the forward movement of the vehicle. the cover plate 82for the wheel is formed with the louvres 83 which open forwardly.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a brake, relatively rotatable friction elements engageable witheach other, one of said elements being rotatable and comprising a discbody engageable with the other of said elements and a head radiallyoutwardly beyond said disc body and provided with ribs forming fanblades to create a. movement of air past said head.

2. In a brake, rotatable and non-rotatable carriers, a friction memberaxially movably mounted on said rotatable carrier having a V-shaped bodyand a ribbed head radially outwardly of said rotatable carrier, anon-rotatable friction member mounted on said non-rotatable carrier andhaving a portion engageable with one of the legs of said V-shaped body,another non-rotatable friction member axially slidably mounted on saidfirst mentioned non-rotatable friction member and engageable with theother leg of said V- shaped body, and means mounted on said nonrotatablecarrier for axially moving said axially movable friction members.

3. In a brake, relatively rotatable friction elements engageable witheach other, one of said elements being rotatable and comprising a discbody engageable with the other of said elements and a head radiallyoutwardly beyond said disc body and provided with ribs forming fanblades, and means rotatable with said rotatable element for assistingsaid ribs in creating a flow of air.

4. In a brake, a rotatable carrier having axial holes therethrough, anon-rotatable carrier. a rotatable friction element carried by saidrotatable carrier and comprising a disc body and a head radiallyoutwardly beyond said disc body and formed with axial holes therethroughand provided with ribs at its opposite sides forming fan blades, anon-rotatable friction element carried by said non-rotatable carrier andenga eable with said disc body, and a rotatable guard upon saidrotatable carrier encircling said head and provided with louvres forassisting said r bs in creating a fiow of air past said head.

OWEN M. WHI'ITEN.

